Benchmarks · GPU & AI
LLM inference benchmarks: Qwen, DeepSeek, MiniMax and Llama on cloud GPUs
This page covers the open-weight model families most often deployed for self-hosted inference: Qwen, DeepSeek, MiniMax and Llama. For each model we publish weight size by precision, KV-cache bytes per token from the published architecture, the minimum number of GPUs needed, and a bandwidth-derived decode ceiling. Measured serving runs use vLLM through an adapter interface so other engines can be added.
Updated:
Direct answer
Model memory = parameters × bytes per parameter, plus KV cache that grows with context length and concurrency. A 70B model needs about 70 GB in FP8 before any KV cache, so it fits one H200 comfortably, one H100 tightly and needs at least two L40S. MoE models such as Qwen3-30B-A3B read only their active parameters per token, which raises decode speed but not memory requirements.
What is measured
- Weight memory in BF16, FP8 and INT4
- KV-cache bytes per token and at 32K context
- Minimum GPU count per GPU model (FP8)
- Single-stream decode ceiling per GPU model
- Verified TTFT, TPOT and throughput runs by model
Model memory footprint
Computed from published model architectures.
| Model | Params (B) | BF16 (GB) | FP8 (GB) | INT4 (GB) | KV / token (KiB) | KV @32K (GB) | Min H100 SXM5 | Min H200 SXM | Min L40S |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Llama 3.1 8B Instruct Dense · GQA | 8 | 16 | 8 | 4 | 128 | 4.3 | 1× | 1× | 1× |
| Llama 3.3 70B Instruct Dense · GQA | 70.6 | 141 | 71 | 35 | 320 | 10.7 | 2× | 1× | 2× |
| Qwen2.5 7B Instruct Dense · GQA | 7.6 | 15 | 8 | 4 | 56 | 1.9 | 1× | 1× | 1× |
| Qwen3 32B Dense · GQA | 32.8 | 66 | 33 | 16 | 256 | 8.6 | 1× | 1× | 1× |
| Qwen3 30B-A3B MoE · 3.3B active · GQA | 30.5 | 61 | 31 | 15 | 96 | 3.2 | 1× | 1× | 1× |
| Qwen2.5 72B Instruct Dense · GQA | 72.7 | 145 | 73 | 36 | 320 | 10.7 | 2× | 1× | 2× |
| DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B Dense · GQA | 32.8 | 66 | 33 | 16 | 256 | 8.6 | 1× | 1× | 1× |
| DeepSeek-V3 MoE · 37B active · MLA | 671 | 1,342 | 671 | 336 | 69 | 2.3 | >8 | 8× | >8 |
| MiniMax-M1-80k MoE · 45.9B active · HYBRID-LINEAR | 456 | 912 | 456 | 228 | — | — | 8× | 4× | >8 |
Weight size = parameters × bytes per parameter. KV = 2 × layers × KV heads × head dim × 2 bytes (latent size for MLA). Minimum GPUs: 85% usable memory and at least 4 GB of KV headroom per GPU. A capacity model, not a measurement.
KV cache is not modelled for MiniMax-M1-80k: hybrid/linear attention layers are not captured by the standard formula. These models are assessed by measurement only.
Decode ceilings
| Model | H100 SXM5 | H200 SXM | L40S |
|---|---|---|---|
| Llama 3.1 8B Instruct | 417 | 598 | 108 |
| Llama 3.3 70B Instruct | 95 2× TP | 68 | 24 2× TP |
| Qwen2.5 7B Instruct | 440 | 631 | 114 |
| Qwen3 32B | 102 | 146 | 26 |
| Qwen3 30B-A3B | 1,015 | 1,455 | 262 |
| Qwen2.5 72B Instruct | 92 2× TP | 66 | 24 2× TP |
| DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B | 102 | 146 | 26 |
| DeepSeek-V3 | does not fit | 1,038 8× TP | does not fit |
| MiniMax-M1-80k | 584 8× TP | 418 4× TP | does not fit |
Ceiling = aggregate memory bandwidth ÷ active weight bytes read per token (batch 1, excluding KV reads and communication, assuming ideal tensor parallelism). Real engines reach a fraction of this bound.
| Model | H100 SXM5 | H200 SXM | L40S |
|---|---|---|---|
| Llama 3.1 8B Instruct | 209 | 299 | 54 |
| Llama 3.3 70B Instruct | 95 4× TP | 68 2× TP | 24 4× TP |
| Qwen2.5 7B Instruct | 220 | 315 | 57 |
| Qwen3 32B | 102 2× TP | 73 | 26 2× TP |
| Qwen3 30B-A3B | 508 | 727 | 262 2× TP |
| Qwen2.5 72B Instruct | 92 4× TP | 66 2× TP | 24 4× TP |
| DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B | 102 2× TP | 73 | 26 2× TP |
| DeepSeek-V3 | does not fit | does not fit | does not fit |
| MiniMax-M1-80k | does not fit | 418 8× TP | does not fit |
Ceiling = aggregate memory bandwidth ÷ active weight bytes read per token (batch 1, excluding KV reads and communication, assuming ideal tensor parallelism). Real engines reach a fraction of this bound.
Verified results
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